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The wide range of knowledge and technology and the rise of multinational corporations is one of the most visible signs of economic globalization .With the advent of these companies the world of international business has changed and has brought a number of issues .Issues such as positive and negative effects of these companies in the global economy , particularly in undeveloped countries ,while in fact we cannot ignore the influence process of international trade and even in sovereignty and authority of Governments .So that the performance of these companies and the various aspects of life in the developing world is such Confused that identifying and analyzing the social and economic situation of the country regardless of trans-national companies however , seems impossible. Despite of interest of transnational corporations to invest in the industrial developed countries, the developing countries, this time with a good enough suspicion to adopt policies aimed at attracting companies to invest in their country.
Keywords:Globalization, Multinational Companies, Foreign Direct Investment, Economics Management, International Community

The fungi associated with the spoilage of pawpaw fruits in Ifite Awka, Anambra State were studied. Five spoilt and ten healthy fruits were used in the study with sabouraud dextrose broth and sabouraud dextrose agar as the growth media while the pour plate method was employed in their isolation. The fungal counts ranged between 3.8x103 and 9.2x103 Cfulg. Sample 2 had the highest fungal count of 9.2x103 Cfulg while sample 3 had the least fungal count of 3.8x103 Cfulg. The fungi were isolated, and characterized on the basis of their cultural and microscopic features and identified as Penicillium sp, Candida sp, Aspergillus sp, Mucor sp and Fusarium sp. Penicillium sp and Aspergillus sp were isolated from all the samples examined while Candida sp had the least frequency of occurrence having been isolated from samples 2 and 3 only. The result of the pathogenicity test carried out on the healthy fruits showed that all the fungal species re-isolated from the healthy samples had the same cultural and microscopic features as the original fungal isolates, indicating that these isolates were responsible for the spoilage of the pawpaw fruits examined. These organisms may have gained entrance into the produce from the air, during transportation, processing in an unhygienic environment and through improper handling. The organisms are known to produce potent toxins which have deleterious effects on humans and animals, therefore care must be taken during their handling, transportation and processing of pawpaw fruits to minimize the entry and proliferation of these organisms in the produce, as well as the health risk their infestation pose to the consumers of the fruits.
Keywords: Fungi, Spoilage, Post-harvest, Pawpaw Fruits, Lfite Awka, Anambra State

This study aimed to throw the light on the effect pseudomonas infection in the freshwater fish under Egyptian condition through study the clinical signs and post mortem (P.M) lesions as well as its biochemical changes also study the economic losses resulted from dead fish attributed to the incidences of pseudomonas infection.This study was carried-out on 350 of O. niloticus (mean weight 80±5g, mean length 20±2cm) and 350 of O. galilas (mean weight 70±5g, mean length 18±1cm) were collected from commercial fish farms in Behera Province. The fish stocks received regular health checks and differentiate to both species and enteric red mouth (ERM) had not been found. Fish were acclimated for one week in the laboratory of the Dept. of Avian and Aquatic Animal Medicine of Alexandria University before any experimentation was started. This study, showed that pseudomonas infection in freshwater fish causes high mortality, with severe changes in blood parameters as RBCs and WBCs as well as the serum enzymes as GOT, GPT and alkaline phosphates, also the changes extended to include the total serum proteins, albumin, globulin and albumin globulin ratio, with severe histological changes in liver, kidney, spleen and gills. The results also showed severe economic losses due to high mortality in O.niloticus and O. galilus and reached to 57.75, 14.40 and 43.20 LE/100 fish for control fish, infected, vaccine treated fish and starved of O. niloticus fish, respectively. While, in O.galilus the losses were 135, 15 and 37.50 LE/100 fish for the same groups respectively, the results also cleared that, the best method for decreasing the economic losses of pseudomonas infection is the vaccination of the fish against Pseudomonas infection.
Keywords: Pseudomonas Infection, Cultured Orechromis Species, Fish Production Farms

This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of developing rural tourism in Hormozgan province coastline using SWOT method. The study is a descriptive one conducted through a survey method. In order to do the research and gather the information needed SWOT method has been used. Accordingly, using the theoretical foundations and experts opinions, which were gathered using a questionnaire based on the SWOT model, the required data for the study was extracted, using hierarchical analysis was arranged and the priorities were identified. Research results showed that diversity strategies are the best and the most appropriate way to promote tourism in Hormozgan province coastline.
Keywords: Feasibility - Rural Tourism - Hormozgan Province coastline - SWOT Model

Death is an undeniable fact, and denying or ignoring it does not make it untrue.In the meantime, due to the unique and unmatched character of Imam Ali (AS) on the human world, his views about death can bring hiding and affecting points about it to light. Imam Ali (AS) has talked about death consciousness as well as death contemplation. In this article, Imam Ali’s (AS) view to death contemplation has been studied. Imam Ali (AS) expressed some interpretations such as "Death is a source of comfort", "Death is losing", "Death devastates pleasure", "Death presence is sudden" and so on, to analyze dealt and has talked about death contemplation effects on the continuation.Imam (AS) considered lesson learning as the most important result of death contemplation and expressed this lesson learning in the form of interpretations such as contentment, asceticism , piety , avoid omissions, and self-attention, etc.Eventually he has never considered death contemplation as the source of bitterness in life. Instead he believes that death attention makes man, free from neglecting, have a living with a plan.
Keywords: Death contemplation, viewpoint, Imam Ali

Today, the majority of managers have understood the crucial role of knowledge in gaining a competitive advantage and in following the organization's strategic objectives. Also, knowledge management has turned to a competitive necessity in organizations. However, unavailability of appropriate infrastructures and necessary prerequisites for using such a process would result in disgust with human resources and waste of financial resources. The main purpose of this research is to identify and describe the relationship between infrastructures of strategic human resources management and the ability to create organizational knowledge. Therefore, an experimental test was carried out in Hormozgan Power Management Company. This deccriptive-correlational research, which is specifically based on Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), proves the relationship between infrastructures of strategic human resources management and the ability to create organizational knowledge. The statistical research population was 180 members of Hormozgan Power Management Company among which a sample of 123 was selected using Simple Random Sampling (SRS). Also, field methods have been used in gathering required information. The main tool for data collection is questionnaire. The research data was tested using Spearman correlation coefficient test and SEM analysis. The results show that there is a relationship between infrastructures of strategic human resource management and the ability to create organizational knowledge.
Keywords: Strategic Human Resources Management, Infrastructure Acquisition, Infrastructure Development, Commitment to Infrastructure, Maintaining Infrastructure, Organizational knowledge Creation Capability

Ministry of Education is one of the institutions responsible for many basic trainings in every society, so that a dynamic Ministry of Education could drive a community towards perfection. The product of such an administration is citizens who, in addition to being aware of their rights, respect for the rights of others. This research is a descriptive - analytical study conducted with the aim of examining the role of Ministry of Education in promoting citizenship rights. Results of this study indicate that it is required for the Ministry of Education to have a coherent and comprehensive planning to achieve this goal. In addition to providing a new approach to the students' curriculum, this planning changes the attitudes of teachers and employees of this organization in order to consider the issue of having a civil society as the cornerstone of their teachings and trainings in the schools. The other point is that this training should be started from the very beginning of students' entry to the school through short-term and long-term planning in order to see its results in the new generation.
Keywords: Human Rights, Citizenship Rights, Ministry of Education, Constitution, Education

The field of environmental ethics concerns human beings’ ethical relationship with the natural environment. While numerous philosophers have written on this topic throughout history, environmental ethics only developed into a specific philosophical discipline in the 1970s. This emergence was no doubt due to the increasing awareness in the 1960s of the effects that technology, industry, economic expansion and population growth were having on the environment. The development of such awareness was aided by the publication of two important books at this time. Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring, first published in 1962, alerted readers to how the widespread use of chemical pesticides was posing a serious threat to public health and leading to the destruction of wildlife. Of similar significance was Paul Ehrlich’s 1968 book, The Population Bomb, which warned of the devastating effects the spiraling human population has on the planet’s resources. Of course, pollution and the depletion of natural resources have not been the only environmental concerns since that time: dwindling plant and animal biodiversity, the loss of wilderness, the degradation of ecosystems, and climate change are all part of a raft of “green” issues that have implanted themselves into both public consciousness and public policy over subsequent years. The job of environmental ethics is to outline our moral obligations in the face of such concerns. The latter question usually needs to be considered prior to the former. Different philosophers have given quite different answers to this fundamental question which, as we shall see, has led to the emergence of quite different environmental ethics.
Keywords: Government Law, Natural Resources, Law, Iran

In some cases that the effect of contract is to make a commitment and the issue of perform a commitment is discussed, as a principal, the obligor is enforced to perform contract. But this commitment isn’t absolute but it depends upon the possibility of performance. In some cases that it is impossible to perform a contract due to external inevitable causes and without offence of obligor, approximately in legal systems, there are more and less common rule that due to it, the commitment is forfeited and obligor is deprived this responsibility. In this case, there is a dominant general rule in Iranian law due to some general rules related to contracts and some of legal disperse sentences , that it cause to dissolve a contract voluntary and forcible or its performance remained pending in related to excuse due to its quality and obligor isn’t responsible to non and delay of performance. Every legal system is offered some justifications in form of certain legal bodies to resolve conflict, the necessity of performance commitment and non-possibility of its performance.
Keywords: Impossibility, Commitment, Implement, Iran

This research aims to study the role of predictive factors of parent’s autonomy protection in the basic needs for autonomy, competency, and relatedness, and well-being indicators in the students of Hormozgan province. The research was correlational. Data was collected by field observation. The statistical population included all new male and female students of bachelor’s degree program of Hormozgan province in academic year 2011-2012. Sample population was selected by stratified random sampling by equal assignment and 221 female and 202 male students filled out the questionnaires. The scale of perceptions of parent’s autonomy protection of university students, basic psychological needs, Ryan and Frederick Subjective Vitality Scale, and Watson et al. Negative and Positive Emotion Scale were used. The results of Pearson correlation showed that parent’s autonomy protection was positively related with the need for autonomy and competence. Mother protection was negatively related with relatedness. Also, the results of Pearson correlation proved that parents’ protection was positively and significantly related to subjective vitality. Parents’ protection was negatively and significantly related with negative emotion. Mother protection was significantly related with positive emotion. Stepwise regression results showed that father and mother protection respectively predicted the sense of competency in a positive and significant manner. Father protection positively determined the sense of autonomy. Mother protection negatively explained the sense of relatedness. Results indicated that mother and father protection respectively predicted the subjective vitality indicators. Results of this test showed that mother and father protection significantly and negatively determined negative emotion respectively. Mother protection predicted the positive emotion in a positive and significant manner. Results of this research stressed the parents’ autonomy protection role in relation with satisfying basic needs and the well-being indicators of students. The necessities of this research can be practical and negotiable for personality psychologists and family counselors.
Keywords: Parents Autonomy Protection, Basic Psychological Needs, Well-Being, Self-Determination Theory

The causes of rural to urban migration in the form of internal division of space, using existing migration theories, especially the theory of Everett Lee, Lewis, FI Rayys dependence is discussed. Empirical support for the theory, Tehran University academic dissertations written in the context of rural to urban migration (population) using meta-analysis methods have been investigated. In overview, the impact of rural to urban migration in four dimensions of economic, social, cultural, demographic and natural farming is considered, among which plays a major role in the economic and then social, cultural, natural, agricultural and demographic are. These dimensions in terms of attraction, repulsion, which is classified as incidental and personal factors more than any other push factors of migration of rural villages - the city has influenced the attractions of the city, located personal and incidental. More repulsive aspects of the rural economy, natural - Agricultural and social - cultural.
Keywords: Immigration, Migration of Rural ,Urban Migration